IB DP Mathematics • 2023 • 8 Marks

Number & Algebra: Complex Roots of Unity and Area

Official examination question with verified M1/A1 mark scheme and step-by-step mathematical reasoning.

Problem Statement

Consider $z^3 = 8i$. (a) Write $8i$ in form $r e^{i\theta}$. [2 marks] (b) Find the three roots in exponential form. [3 marks] (c) Find the area of the triangle formed by these roots. [3 marks]

Verified Solution & Marking Scheme

Part (a)
$8i = 8 e^{i\pi/2}$
Part (b)
$z_k = 2 e^{i(\frac{\pi}{6} + \frac{2k\pi}{3})} \implies z_1 = 2 e^{i\pi/6}, \, z_2 = 2 e^{i5\pi/6}, \, z_3 = 2 e^{-i\pi/2}$
Part (c)
Equilateral triangle with circumradius $R = 2$: $\text{Area} = 3 \left(\frac{1}{2} \times 2^2 \times \sin\frac{2\pi}{3}\right) = 6 \left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right) = 3\sqrt{3}$
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