CBSE Class 12 • 2024 • 4 Marks

Continuity & Differentiability: Second Order Derivative of Inverse Trigonometric Function

Official examination question with verified M1/A1 mark scheme and step-by-step mathematical reasoning.

Problem Statement

If $y = (\sin^{-1} x)^2$, prove that: $(1 - x^2) \frac{d^2y}{dx^2} - x \frac{dy}{dx} - 2 = 0$

Verified Solution & Marking Scheme

Compute First Derivative
Given $y = (\sin^{-1} x)^2$. Differentiating with respect to $x$: $\frac{dy}{dx} = 2 (\sin^{-1} x) \cdot \frac{d}{dx}(\sin^{-1} x) = \frac{2 \sin^{-1} x}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}$
Clear the Radical by Cross-Multiplying and Squaring
$\sqrt{1 - x^2} \frac{dy}{dx} = 2 \sin^{-1} x$ Squaring both sides: $(1 - x^2) \left( \frac{dy}{dx} \right)^2 = 4 (\sin^{-1} x)^2 = 4y$
Differentiate Implicitly with Respect to x
Differentiating both sides using product rule: $\frac{d}{dx} \left[ (1 - x^2) \left( \frac{dy}{dx} \right)^2 \right] = \frac{d}{dx}[4y]$ $(1 - x^2) \cdot 2 \left( \frac{dy}{dx} \right) \frac{d^2y}{dx^2} + \left( \frac{dy}{dx} \right)^2 (-2x) = 4 \frac{dy}{dx}$ $2 \frac{dy}{dx} \left[ (1 - x^2) \frac{d^2y}{dx^2} - x \frac{dy}{dx} \right] = 4 \frac{dy}{dx}$ Dividing both sides by $2\frac{dy}{dx}$ (since $\frac{dy}{dx} \neq 0$): $(1 - x^2) \frac{d^2y}{dx^2} - x \frac{dy}{dx} = 2$ $(1 - x^2) \frac{d^2y}{dx^2} - x \frac{dy}{dx} - 2 = 0$.
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