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⚡ Important Qs📅 PYQs📖 NCERT Solutions

Matrices - Important Questions

🏆 Daily Math Board Challenge (2026 Edition)
Check whether (x + 1)² = 2(x − 3) is a quadratic equation.
🎯 Chapter Readiness Score35%
⏱️ Est. Revision Time: 15 Mins • Press Ctrl+K to Search
⚡ Key Formulas at a Glance
Formula (Hover/Click)
Matrix Product Order
Am×n × Bn×p = Cm×p
Formula (Hover/Click)
Transpose Property
(AB)ᵀ = Bᵀ Aᵀ,   (Aᵀ)ᵀ = A
Formula (Hover/Click)
Symmetric Condition
Aᵀ = A (Symmetric),   Aᵀ = −A (Skew-Symmetric)
Formula (Hover/Click)
Invertibility Theorem
Matrix A is invertible ↔ A is non-singular (|A| ≠ 0)
1
NCERT Ex 3.1 Q4 • 2 Marks2 Marks
Construct a 2x2 matrix A = [a_ij] whose elements are given by a_ij = (i + 2j)² / 2.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Calculate Elements):
a_11 = (1 + 2)²/2 = 9/2
a_12 = (1 + 4)²/2 = 25/2
a_21 = (2 + 2)²/2 = 8
a_22 = (2 + 4)²/2 = 18.

Step 2 (Form Matrix):
A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]].

Final Answer: A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]]
2
CBSE Board 2024 • 2 Marks2 Marks
If A = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] and B = [[-1, 3], [2, 1]], find matrix C such that 3A - 2B + C = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute 3A and 2B):
3A = [[3, 6], [9, 12]]
2B = [[-2, 6], [4, 2]]
3A - 2B = [[5, 0], [5, 10]].

Step 2 (Solve for C):
C = -(3A - 2B) = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]].

Final Answer: C = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]]
3
NCERT Ex 3.2 Q9 • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the values of x and y from the matrix equation: 2[[x, 5], [7, y-3]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[7, 6], [15, 14]].
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Scalar Multiplication):
[[2x, 10], [14, 2y-6]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[2x+3, 6], [15, 2y-4]].

Step 2 (Equate Entries):
2x + 3 = 7 ⟹ 2x = 4 ⟹ x = 2
2y - 4 = 14 ⟹ 2y = 18 ⟹ y = 9.

Final Answer: x = 2, y = 9
4
CBSE Board 2023 • 4 Marks4 Marks
If A = [[1, 2, 2], [2, 1, 2], [2, 2, 1]], prove that A² - 4A - 5I = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute A²):
A² = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].

Step 2 (Compute 4A + 5I):
4A + 5I = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].
A² - 4A - 5I = O. ✓

Hence Proved.
5
NCERT Ex 3.3 Q10 • 4 Marks4 Marks
Express matrix A = [[3, 5], [1, -1]] as the sum of a symmetric and a skew-symmetric matrix.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Symmetric Matrix P):
A' = [[3, 1], [5, -1]].
P = (1/2)(A + A') = [[3, 3], [3, -1]].

Step 2 (Skew-Symmetric Matrix Q):
Q = (1/2)(A - A') = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]].
Verify A = P + Q. ✓

Final Answer: P = [[3, 3], [3, -1]], Q = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]]
6
CBSE Board 2024 • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the inverse of matrix A = [[2, 1], [7, 4]] using adjoint method.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Determinant):
|A| = (2)(4) - (1)(7) = 8 - 7 = 1 ≠ 0.

Step 2 (Adjoint Matrix):
adj(A) = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].
A⁻¹ = adj(A)/|A| = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].

Final Answer: A⁻¹ = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]]
7
CBSE Board 2022 • 4 Marks4 Marks
Solve for x: [1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] [[0], [2], [x]] = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (First Multiplication):
[1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] = [6, 2, 4].

Step 2 (Second Multiplication):
[6, 2, 4] [[0], [2], [x]] = 4 + 4x = 0 ⟹ 4x = -4 ⟹ x = -1.

Final Answer: x = -1
8
NCERT Ex 3.1 Q4 (Variant #8) • 2 Marks2 Marks
Construct a 2x2 matrix A = [a_ij] whose elements are given by a_ij = (i + 2j)² / 2.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Calculate Elements):
a_11 = (1 + 2)²/2 = 9/2
a_12 = (1 + 4)²/2 = 25/2
a_21 = (2 + 2)²/2 = 8
a_22 = (2 + 4)²/2 = 18.

Step 2 (Form Matrix):
A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]].

Final Answer: A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]]
9
CBSE Board 2024 (Variant #9) • 2 Marks2 Marks
If A = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] and B = [[-1, 3], [2, 1]], find matrix C such that 3A - 2B + C = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute 3A and 2B):
3A = [[3, 6], [9, 12]]
2B = [[-2, 6], [4, 2]]
3A - 2B = [[5, 0], [5, 10]].

Step 2 (Solve for C):
C = -(3A - 2B) = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]].

Final Answer: C = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]]
10
NCERT Ex 3.2 Q9 (Variant #10) • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the values of x and y from the matrix equation: 2[[x, 5], [7, y-3]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[7, 6], [15, 14]].
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Scalar Multiplication):
[[2x, 10], [14, 2y-6]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[2x+3, 6], [15, 2y-4]].

Step 2 (Equate Entries):
2x + 3 = 7 ⟹ 2x = 4 ⟹ x = 2
2y - 4 = 14 ⟹ 2y = 18 ⟹ y = 9.

Final Answer: x = 2, y = 9
11
CBSE Board 2023 (Variant #11) • 4 Marks4 Marks
If A = [[1, 2, 2], [2, 1, 2], [2, 2, 1]], prove that A² - 4A - 5I = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute A²):
A² = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].

Step 2 (Compute 4A + 5I):
4A + 5I = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].
A² - 4A - 5I = O. ✓

Hence Proved.
12
NCERT Ex 3.3 Q10 (Variant #12) • 4 Marks4 Marks
Express matrix A = [[3, 5], [1, -1]] as the sum of a symmetric and a skew-symmetric matrix.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Symmetric Matrix P):
A' = [[3, 1], [5, -1]].
P = (1/2)(A + A') = [[3, 3], [3, -1]].

Step 2 (Skew-Symmetric Matrix Q):
Q = (1/2)(A - A') = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]].
Verify A = P + Q. ✓

Final Answer: P = [[3, 3], [3, -1]], Q = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]]
13
CBSE Board 2024 (Variant #13) • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the inverse of matrix A = [[2, 1], [7, 4]] using adjoint method.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Determinant):
|A| = (2)(4) - (1)(7) = 8 - 7 = 1 ≠ 0.

Step 2 (Adjoint Matrix):
adj(A) = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].
A⁻¹ = adj(A)/|A| = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].

Final Answer: A⁻¹ = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]]
14
CBSE Board 2022 (Variant #14) • 4 Marks4 Marks
Solve for x: [1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] [[0], [2], [x]] = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (First Multiplication):
[1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] = [6, 2, 4].

Step 2 (Second Multiplication):
[6, 2, 4] [[0], [2], [x]] = 4 + 4x = 0 ⟹ 4x = -4 ⟹ x = -1.

Final Answer: x = -1
15
NCERT Ex 3.1 Q4 (Variant #15) • 2 Marks2 Marks
Construct a 5x2 matrix A = [a_ij] whose elements are given by a_ij = (i + 2j)² / 2.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Calculate Elements):
a_11 = (1 + 2)²/2 = 9/2
a_12 = (1 + 4)²/2 = 25/2
a_21 = (2 + 2)²/2 = 8
a_22 = (2 + 4)²/2 = 18.

Step 2 (Form Matrix):
A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]].

Final Answer: A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]]
16
CBSE Board 2024 (Variant #16) • 2 Marks2 Marks
If A = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] and B = [[-1, 3], [2, 1]], find matrix C such that 3A - 2B + C = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute 3A and 2B):
3A = [[3, 6], [9, 12]]
2B = [[-2, 6], [4, 2]]
3A - 2B = [[5, 0], [5, 10]].

Step 2 (Solve for C):
C = -(3A - 2B) = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]].

Final Answer: C = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]]
17
NCERT Ex 3.2 Q9 (Variant #17) • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the values of x and y from the matrix equation: 2[[x, 5], [7, y-3]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[7, 6], [15, 14]].
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Scalar Multiplication):
[[2x, 10], [14, 2y-6]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[2x+3, 6], [15, 2y-4]].

Step 2 (Equate Entries):
2x + 3 = 7 ⟹ 2x = 4 ⟹ x = 2
2y - 4 = 14 ⟹ 2y = 18 ⟹ y = 9.

Final Answer: x = 2, y = 9
18
CBSE Board 2023 (Variant #18) • 4 Marks4 Marks
If A = [[1, 2, 2], [2, 1, 2], [2, 2, 1]], prove that A² - 4A - 5I = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute A²):
A² = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].

Step 2 (Compute 4A + 5I):
4A + 5I = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].
A² - 4A - 5I = O. ✓

Hence Proved.
19
NCERT Ex 3.3 Q10 (Variant #19) • 4 Marks4 Marks
Express matrix A = [[3, 5], [1, -1]] as the sum of a symmetric and a skew-symmetric matrix.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Symmetric Matrix P):
A' = [[3, 1], [5, -1]].
P = (1/2)(A + A') = [[3, 3], [3, -1]].

Step 2 (Skew-Symmetric Matrix Q):
Q = (1/2)(A - A') = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]].
Verify A = P + Q. ✓

Final Answer: P = [[3, 3], [3, -1]], Q = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]]
20
CBSE Board 2024 (Variant #20) • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the inverse of matrix A = [[2, 1], [7, 4]] using adjoint method.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Determinant):
|A| = (2)(4) - (1)(7) = 8 - 7 = 1 ≠ 0.

Step 2 (Adjoint Matrix):
adj(A) = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].
A⁻¹ = adj(A)/|A| = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].

Final Answer: A⁻¹ = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]]
21
CBSE Board 2022 (Variant #21) • 4 Marks4 Marks
Solve for x: [1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] [[0], [2], [x]] = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (First Multiplication):
[1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] = [6, 2, 4].

Step 2 (Second Multiplication):
[6, 2, 4] [[0], [2], [x]] = 4 + 4x = 0 ⟹ 4x = -4 ⟹ x = -1.

Final Answer: x = -1
22
NCERT Ex 3.1 Q4 (Variant #22) • 2 Marks2 Marks
Construct a 4x2 matrix A = [a_ij] whose elements are given by a_ij = (i + 2j)² / 2.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Calculate Elements):
a_11 = (1 + 2)²/2 = 9/2
a_12 = (1 + 4)²/2 = 25/2
a_21 = (2 + 2)²/2 = 8
a_22 = (2 + 4)²/2 = 18.

Step 2 (Form Matrix):
A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]].

Final Answer: A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]]
23
CBSE Board 2024 (Variant #23) • 2 Marks2 Marks
If A = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] and B = [[-1, 3], [2, 1]], find matrix C such that 3A - 2B + C = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute 3A and 2B):
3A = [[3, 6], [9, 12]]
2B = [[-2, 6], [4, 2]]
3A - 2B = [[5, 0], [5, 10]].

Step 2 (Solve for C):
C = -(3A - 2B) = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]].

Final Answer: C = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]]
24
NCERT Ex 3.2 Q9 (Variant #24) • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the values of x and y from the matrix equation: 2[[x, 5], [7, y-3]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[7, 6], [15, 14]].
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Scalar Multiplication):
[[2x, 10], [14, 2y-6]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[2x+3, 6], [15, 2y-4]].

Step 2 (Equate Entries):
2x + 3 = 7 ⟹ 2x = 4 ⟹ x = 2
2y - 4 = 14 ⟹ 2y = 18 ⟹ y = 9.

Final Answer: x = 2, y = 9
25
CBSE Board 2023 (Variant #25) • 4 Marks4 Marks
If A = [[1, 2, 2], [2, 1, 2], [2, 2, 1]], prove that A² - 4A - 5I = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute A²):
A² = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].

Step 2 (Compute 4A + 5I):
4A + 5I = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].
A² - 4A - 5I = O. ✓

Hence Proved.
26
NCERT Ex 3.3 Q10 (Variant #26) • 4 Marks4 Marks
Express matrix A = [[3, 5], [1, -1]] as the sum of a symmetric and a skew-symmetric matrix.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Symmetric Matrix P):
A' = [[3, 1], [5, -1]].
P = (1/2)(A + A') = [[3, 3], [3, -1]].

Step 2 (Skew-Symmetric Matrix Q):
Q = (1/2)(A - A') = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]].
Verify A = P + Q. ✓

Final Answer: P = [[3, 3], [3, -1]], Q = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]]
27
CBSE Board 2024 (Variant #27) • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the inverse of matrix A = [[2, 1], [7, 4]] using adjoint method.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Determinant):
|A| = (2)(4) - (1)(7) = 8 - 7 = 1 ≠ 0.

Step 2 (Adjoint Matrix):
adj(A) = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].
A⁻¹ = adj(A)/|A| = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].

Final Answer: A⁻¹ = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]]
28
CBSE Board 2022 (Variant #28) • 4 Marks4 Marks
Solve for x: [1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] [[0], [2], [x]] = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (First Multiplication):
[1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] = [6, 2, 4].

Step 2 (Second Multiplication):
[6, 2, 4] [[0], [2], [x]] = 4 + 4x = 0 ⟹ 4x = -4 ⟹ x = -1.

Final Answer: x = -1
29
NCERT Ex 3.1 Q4 (Variant #29) • 2 Marks2 Marks
Construct a 3x2 matrix A = [a_ij] whose elements are given by a_ij = (i + 2j)² / 2.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Calculate Elements):
a_11 = (1 + 2)²/2 = 9/2
a_12 = (1 + 4)²/2 = 25/2
a_21 = (2 + 2)²/2 = 8
a_22 = (2 + 4)²/2 = 18.

Step 2 (Form Matrix):
A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]].

Final Answer: A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]]
30
CBSE Board 2024 (Variant #30) • 2 Marks2 Marks
If A = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] and B = [[-1, 3], [2, 1]], find matrix C such that 3A - 2B + C = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute 3A and 2B):
3A = [[3, 6], [9, 12]]
2B = [[-2, 6], [4, 2]]
3A - 2B = [[5, 0], [5, 10]].

Step 2 (Solve for C):
C = -(3A - 2B) = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]].

Final Answer: C = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]]
31
NCERT Ex 3.2 Q9 (Variant #31) • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the values of x and y from the matrix equation: 2[[x, 5], [7, y-3]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[7, 6], [15, 14]].
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Scalar Multiplication):
[[2x, 10], [14, 2y-6]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[2x+3, 6], [15, 2y-4]].

Step 2 (Equate Entries):
2x + 3 = 7 ⟹ 2x = 4 ⟹ x = 2
2y - 4 = 14 ⟹ 2y = 18 ⟹ y = 9.

Final Answer: x = 2, y = 9
32
CBSE Board 2023 (Variant #32) • 4 Marks4 Marks
If A = [[1, 2, 2], [2, 1, 2], [2, 2, 1]], prove that A² - 4A - 5I = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute A²):
A² = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].

Step 2 (Compute 4A + 5I):
4A + 5I = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].
A² - 4A - 5I = O. ✓

Hence Proved.
33
NCERT Ex 3.3 Q10 (Variant #33) • 4 Marks4 Marks
Express matrix A = [[3, 5], [1, -1]] as the sum of a symmetric and a skew-symmetric matrix.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Symmetric Matrix P):
A' = [[3, 1], [5, -1]].
P = (1/2)(A + A') = [[3, 3], [3, -1]].

Step 2 (Skew-Symmetric Matrix Q):
Q = (1/2)(A - A') = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]].
Verify A = P + Q. ✓

Final Answer: P = [[3, 3], [3, -1]], Q = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]]
34
CBSE Board 2024 (Variant #34) • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the inverse of matrix A = [[2, 1], [7, 4]] using adjoint method.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Determinant):
|A| = (2)(4) - (1)(7) = 8 - 7 = 1 ≠ 0.

Step 2 (Adjoint Matrix):
adj(A) = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].
A⁻¹ = adj(A)/|A| = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].

Final Answer: A⁻¹ = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]]
35
CBSE Board 2022 (Variant #35) • 4 Marks4 Marks
Solve for x: [1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] [[0], [2], [x]] = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (First Multiplication):
[1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] = [6, 2, 4].

Step 2 (Second Multiplication):
[6, 2, 4] [[0], [2], [x]] = 4 + 4x = 0 ⟹ 4x = -4 ⟹ x = -1.

Final Answer: x = -1
36
NCERT Ex 3.1 Q4 (Variant #36) • 2 Marks2 Marks
Construct a 2x2 matrix A = [a_ij] whose elements are given by a_ij = (i + 2j)² / 2.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Calculate Elements):
a_11 = (1 + 2)²/2 = 9/2
a_12 = (1 + 4)²/2 = 25/2
a_21 = (2 + 2)²/2 = 8
a_22 = (2 + 4)²/2 = 18.

Step 2 (Form Matrix):
A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]].

Final Answer: A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]]
37
CBSE Board 2024 (Variant #37) • 2 Marks2 Marks
If A = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] and B = [[-1, 3], [2, 1]], find matrix C such that 3A - 2B + C = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute 3A and 2B):
3A = [[3, 6], [9, 12]]
2B = [[-2, 6], [4, 2]]
3A - 2B = [[5, 0], [5, 10]].

Step 2 (Solve for C):
C = -(3A - 2B) = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]].

Final Answer: C = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]]
38
NCERT Ex 3.2 Q9 (Variant #38) • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the values of x and y from the matrix equation: 2[[x, 5], [7, y-3]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[7, 6], [15, 14]].
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Scalar Multiplication):
[[2x, 10], [14, 2y-6]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[2x+3, 6], [15, 2y-4]].

Step 2 (Equate Entries):
2x + 3 = 7 ⟹ 2x = 4 ⟹ x = 2
2y - 4 = 14 ⟹ 2y = 18 ⟹ y = 9.

Final Answer: x = 2, y = 9
39
CBSE Board 2023 (Variant #39) • 4 Marks4 Marks
If A = [[1, 2, 2], [2, 1, 2], [2, 2, 1]], prove that A² - 4A - 5I = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute A²):
A² = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].

Step 2 (Compute 4A + 5I):
4A + 5I = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].
A² - 4A - 5I = O. ✓

Hence Proved.
40
NCERT Ex 3.3 Q10 (Variant #40) • 4 Marks4 Marks
Express matrix A = [[3, 5], [1, -1]] as the sum of a symmetric and a skew-symmetric matrix.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Symmetric Matrix P):
A' = [[3, 1], [5, -1]].
P = (1/2)(A + A') = [[3, 3], [3, -1]].

Step 2 (Skew-Symmetric Matrix Q):
Q = (1/2)(A - A') = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]].
Verify A = P + Q. ✓

Final Answer: P = [[3, 3], [3, -1]], Q = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]]
41
CBSE Board 2024 (Variant #41) • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the inverse of matrix A = [[2, 1], [7, 4]] using adjoint method.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Determinant):
|A| = (2)(4) - (1)(7) = 8 - 7 = 1 ≠ 0.

Step 2 (Adjoint Matrix):
adj(A) = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].
A⁻¹ = adj(A)/|A| = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].

Final Answer: A⁻¹ = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]]
42
CBSE Board 2022 (Variant #42) • 4 Marks4 Marks
Solve for x: [1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] [[0], [2], [x]] = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (First Multiplication):
[1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] = [6, 2, 4].

Step 2 (Second Multiplication):
[6, 2, 4] [[0], [2], [x]] = 4 + 4x = 0 ⟹ 4x = -4 ⟹ x = -1.

Final Answer: x = -1
43
NCERT Ex 3.1 Q4 (Variant #43) • 2 Marks2 Marks
Construct a 5x2 matrix A = [a_ij] whose elements are given by a_ij = (i + 2j)² / 2.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Calculate Elements):
a_11 = (1 + 2)²/2 = 9/2
a_12 = (1 + 4)²/2 = 25/2
a_21 = (2 + 2)²/2 = 8
a_22 = (2 + 4)²/2 = 18.

Step 2 (Form Matrix):
A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]].

Final Answer: A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]]
44
CBSE Board 2024 (Variant #44) • 2 Marks2 Marks
If A = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] and B = [[-1, 3], [2, 1]], find matrix C such that 3A - 2B + C = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute 3A and 2B):
3A = [[3, 6], [9, 12]]
2B = [[-2, 6], [4, 2]]
3A - 2B = [[5, 0], [5, 10]].

Step 2 (Solve for C):
C = -(3A - 2B) = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]].

Final Answer: C = [[-5, 0], [-5, -10]]
45
NCERT Ex 3.2 Q9 (Variant #45) • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the values of x and y from the matrix equation: 2[[x, 5], [7, y-3]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[7, 6], [15, 14]].
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Scalar Multiplication):
[[2x, 10], [14, 2y-6]] + [[3, -4], [1, 2]] = [[2x+3, 6], [15, 2y-4]].

Step 2 (Equate Entries):
2x + 3 = 7 ⟹ 2x = 4 ⟹ x = 2
2y - 4 = 14 ⟹ 2y = 18 ⟹ y = 9.

Final Answer: x = 2, y = 9
46
CBSE Board 2023 (Variant #46) • 4 Marks4 Marks
If A = [[1, 2, 2], [2, 1, 2], [2, 2, 1]], prove that A² - 4A - 5I = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Compute A²):
A² = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].

Step 2 (Compute 4A + 5I):
4A + 5I = [[9, 8, 8], [8, 9, 8], [8, 8, 9]].
A² - 4A - 5I = O. ✓

Hence Proved.
47
NCERT Ex 3.3 Q10 (Variant #47) • 4 Marks4 Marks
Express matrix A = [[3, 5], [1, -1]] as the sum of a symmetric and a skew-symmetric matrix.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Symmetric Matrix P):
A' = [[3, 1], [5, -1]].
P = (1/2)(A + A') = [[3, 3], [3, -1]].

Step 2 (Skew-Symmetric Matrix Q):
Q = (1/2)(A - A') = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]].
Verify A = P + Q. ✓

Final Answer: P = [[3, 3], [3, -1]], Q = [[0, 2], [-2, 0]]
48
CBSE Board 2024 (Variant #48) • 3 Marks3 Marks
Find the inverse of matrix A = [[2, 1], [7, 4]] using adjoint method.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Determinant):
|A| = (2)(4) - (1)(7) = 8 - 7 = 1 ≠ 0.

Step 2 (Adjoint Matrix):
adj(A) = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].
A⁻¹ = adj(A)/|A| = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]].

Final Answer: A⁻¹ = [[4, -1], [-7, 2]]
49
CBSE Board 2022 (Variant #49) • 4 Marks4 Marks
Solve for x: [1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] [[0], [2], [x]] = O.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (First Multiplication):
[1, 2, 1] [[1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1], [1, 0, 2]] = [6, 2, 4].

Step 2 (Second Multiplication):
[6, 2, 4] [[0], [2], [x]] = 4 + 4x = 0 ⟹ 4x = -4 ⟹ x = -1.

Final Answer: x = -1
50
NCERT Ex 3.1 Q4 (Variant #50) • 2 Marks2 Marks
Construct a 4x2 matrix A = [a_ij] whose elements are given by a_ij = (i + 2j)² / 2.
▶ Show Detailed Solution
Step 1 (Calculate Elements):
a_11 = (1 + 2)²/2 = 9/2
a_12 = (1 + 4)²/2 = 25/2
a_21 = (2 + 2)²/2 = 8
a_22 = (2 + 4)²/2 = 18.

Step 2 (Form Matrix):
A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]].

Final Answer: A = [[9/2, 25/2], [8, 18]]